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الأحد، 17 مارس 2013

Roman civilization essay supported with pictures and video

Ancient Roman civilization deep in history
Empire Romanian is a term called the phase that followed the Republic Romanian who ruled Rome, they are the evolution of the political rule of Rome, has been characterized by phase rule imperial Rome in this period authoritarian rule, has left imperial rule 500 years of Republican rule of Rome (510 BC. M. - century first BC) which had been weak due to the conflict between Gaius Marius and Sulla and the civil war of Julius Caesar against Pompey

, There is no specific date shows the transition of Rome from Republic to Empire, but can be considered the beginning of the Roman Empire from the beginning of the appointment of Julius Qaasir dictator always to Rome in 44 BC. M, at the stage won by Octavian and heir of Julius Caesar in the Battle of Actium (32 September 31 BC), as well as granting the Roman Senate phrases deification of Octavian phrases veneration and the label (August Great) in (June 16, 27 BC)..

 Romans are the people journeyed perhaps from Eastern Europe or from Asia then Rahlo to Italian islands from the twelfth century by century and established city of ancient Rome, and then work this people to organize and develop its political, military, social and began the gradual expansion and foundations of the state dominated initially onItalian peninsula and then widened this state and controlled much of the ancient world and become its borders vast spread of the British Isles and the beaches of Europe Atlantic west to Mesopotamia and the coast of the Caspian Sea east and central Europe to the north of the Alps and to sub-Saharan Africa and the Red Sea in the south, and thus was an examplethe concept of the state university (Universal State) of a colonial character and continued until the fifth century AD in which Germanic tribes were able to control the provinces of the Roman Empire in 476 AD

 There is no documentation or historical evidence determine the coming of the Romans to the Italian peninsula and founded the city of Rome and the Historians depends on a set of myths and stories passed down those who have studied ancient history through the ages. And stresses the archaeological discoveries and documents of historical facts establishing the small village was on the dispute first between brothers Rommelius and Remus on the establishment of the city of Rome and the second conflict between confidentiality in advance and her father Aimlius about the fate of the children arose mother throwing twins into the river Tiber and tells well that twins have babies lupus for more than a week . then were found patron was grazing area and transported directly to his wife Where they Petrpethma until they reached age 18 years Rome proportion to its founder Romulus and proclaimed himself the King of the first king of Rome and the surrounding areas, and the foundations of this series of kings, numbered seven ruled Rome. The accounts indicate that Romulus through the establishment of the state focused on the military aspects of the strategy are summarized in the following:
 control of land surrounding Rome.
established the first rules of the canons and the Roman religion.
• Expansion and control nearby and neighboring regions.

 Dropped revolution Roman people King tyrant Tarllenius considered the Romans in 509 BC. M. juncture essential in their political, social and economic and named it in glory and that was after a series of political and military events that are still mysterious to the present, and reached the Romanian people to organize a new authority inRome, and as of that date began the actual process of building the Roman Empire, they made ​​in terms of geographic expansion and put in mind a fundamental objective confined to the geographical expansion of military force, political and economic,

And they see that this is the best way to achieve the ambitions of this young state, فبدؤوا wars similar invasions tribal Ltd. aimed at subjugating clans and families surrounding Rome and it was through the stages of the First Republic, which she founded Empire Romanian, then phase began the Second Republic, which witnessed transformation of the country emerging from strengthLatin within the Italian peninsula to global military force affected Pmaaijeri and affect in the center of the ancient world (Mediterranean) at this stage wars ended Rome within the Italian peninsula, and started wars Romans with Phoenicians (Carthaginians), which was the city of Carthage, located in northern Africatheir capital, has been named this Punic wars wars

The conflict began - Roman Carthaginian a struggle commercial then taking dimensions military and was the first contact between the two parties when Romans occupied the island of Sicily in 264 BC. M. He Carthaginians this invasion impinge directly their economic interests and political, and this incident was the beginning of the war between the Romans and Carthaginians, which continued to the year 241BC..

In Punic Wars two sides have fought a series of land and sea battles off each other and stayed the other without conclusive results, but the majority of resolving battles of the Roman and especially land battles The naval battles were often the results of Qirtagiyn where most troops freely unlike the Romans who were their forces wilderness.
  Has achieved the Romans first victory when driven Carthaginians from Sicily in 241 BC. M., then followed that enables the Centurion Mokhtarius Marcus Digaulos of defeat fleet Carthaginian general 256 BC. M. This was the battle first naval battle fought by the Roman army, but the Carthaginians did Acetkinwa of Romanthe commander decided in this era Hannibal continue to extend Carthaginian control patch on the Spanish coast has arrived Mrslaa determined to invade the Italian territory of the North West.

 He began Carthaginians campaign new Romans, and here began the balance of power leaning against Rome after more than ten years of continuous wars with enemies different on all directions of the Italian peninsula quiet campaign Hannibal studied and prepared her well and become like the spearhead in the face ambitions Romanian, especially as this campaign has appeared with the emergence of a number of parties hostile to the Romans and became the Roman state in fear of alliances that may threaten the existence of their state

Shen Romans series of battles that ended the occupation of the entire land Macedonian in the Middle was to control Greece Greece, and by the end of this war widened borders of the Republic of Romanian Spain in the west to the western coast of Asia Minor eastward, in addition to land Carthaginian in North Africa, and divided this vast territory toseven provinces associated with the central government in Rome.

After these victories have become the Romanian state a superpower difficult conquer and control the destiny of the ancient world the western and eastern At this stage began Roman history abuzz names of commanders and leaders victorious and became the ruling class affect the course of events in Rome and abroad, and after the rest period that followed the war was a prelude to a new phase wide of the Roman conquests, and began the process of expansion to go towards imposing imperial system was done in two shifts

  First Empire: entered the Romanian state a crucial new phase of its history, a stage empire, after he became leader Octavian first emperor of Rome and reigned for nearly 40 years during which control over the Egypt after the defeat of Cleopatra at the battle of Actium Navy, and the remaining of the Gallic France, and tried to invade Germania interior فانهزم in the signed Taotberg and annihilated the entire Roman battalions and was number twenty-five thousand fighters and Pharos commander returned to Rome subdued. And founded Octavian strain known as the Empire strain Jawlianih proportion to his uncle Julius Caesar.

 Second Empire: in this period Christianity began to spread in the eastern quarters, the empire, but the official religion of the Empire was pagan in its origins back to Greek religion

Began the countdown in the life of the Romanian state as of 235 m has witnessed that year increased serious political and social unrest and escalated when external attacks and especially of the Germanic tribes and the return of the influence of the Persian Empire in the Middle extracted Armenia from the hands of the Romans and seized control of the territory of Mesopotamia and creep army Persian and swept Antioch and Syria could not Romans repelled even came Emperor Diocletian DIOCLETIAN considered the founder Empire third and was able to re-provision so assigned to four people share power, a system known as the ruling quartet has continued this system until 305 m followed by the struggle Authority continued throughout the period of 306 to 313 that came to the throne of Emperor Constantine, who considered his major turning point in the path of the Roman Empire

It is worth mentioning; that era Alhohenstauffineh related final stage of the TFT feudalism in Germany, and the collapse of German sovereignty in Italy. If we tried to Nstqrye Date Empire Romanian follows through events, we realized that the historical period was a struggle between emperors Alhohenstaoven and the papacy, but if passed the these events to background distant seemed to us indeed a conflict between two concepts of sovereignty per one political and the other spiritual, and this was an inevitable consequence of the concept of deeper and wider than Iktaatl for him Henry IV and Gregory VII, so that both parties become each holds claim full universality

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